Fitoterapia

Effect of alcohol on posterity

The number of studies on the effect of alcohol on the reproductive system and development of the offspring of parents who consume alcohol, recently increased significantly.

According to published data, with chronic alcohol intoxication in women the ovaries may be fatty or produce immature egg. In men, prolonged use of alcohol can cause the defeat of the prostate, testes, and spermatogenesis disorder. In these cases, the immobility of sperm sometimes reaches 80%, while the number of modified forms - 83,3%, causing infertility.

Chronic alcoholism of the mother or the fattier is reflected in the development of the fetus, health status of newborns at first and subsequent years of life.

Shown that fathers1 alcoholism contributes to postnatal (postpartum) pathology. "When observing 130 such children and adolescents from 18.9% observed lag in the physical, and at 8,5% - in mental development. Under the influence of alcohol disrupted the genetic apparatus of somatic cells of parents and the fetus, with the latter chromosomal abnormalities occur more rapidly than adults. Violation of the genetic apparatus can determine the risk of hereditary transmission of acquired pathological characteristics.

Genetic device of the somatic hutches of the parents and fruit is broken Under influence of the alcohol moreover beside the last anomaly chromosomes appear quicker, than beside adult. Breach of the genetic device can condition risk of the hereditary issue gained pathological signs.

The Special danger in this attitude presents the abuse by alcohol beside women. Since in one and same age under alike mass, alike consumption alcoholic drink man and woman contents alcohol in shelters beside women always above, beside them quicker appear the heavy organic defeats of the systems of the organism. The Number women what drink alcohol  constantly increases. Specifically wanted note the influence an light alcohol drink on development of the alcoholism beside women. In our country is accepted consider that, having drunk same of the bottles beer at day, you will not gain the dependency. This error. Woman itself that does not notice what become chronic alcoholic.

The Study of the influence alcoholic intoxication on posterity has shown that chronic alcoholism full-grown approximately double more often causes the deflection in development posterity, than alcoholic intoxication father. Beside women, suffering from chronic alcoholism, premature birth approach in 31 % events, delay of the growing of the fruit - in 86 %, hypotrophy  - in 66 % then at alcoholism father (mother sound) to these factors are accordingly 17, 45 and 35 %.

The breach of the current of the physiological changes causes When approach of pregnancy consumption alcohol to organism of the women, providing correct development of the fruit. At period of pregnancy is slowed removing the alcohol and products of the metabolism from organism of the women that can promote breach of gas exchange between mother and fetus, fetal excretion of the of degradation products .

Found  that pregnant women who drink alcohol more long-term is defined in amniotic fluid than in blood. It is assumed that in amniotic fluid causes accumulation of alcohol and it is like a "reservoir" for the alcohol, thus causing a more prolonged exposure to the developing fetus.

We also analyzed the influence of  alcohol on intrauterine fetal development during which surveyed 14970 women who use them during pregnancy. It was found  that the percentage of newborn weighting  less then 2500 g. increased with the increase of  doses of alcohol, taken by mothers.

Proved that alcohol easily crosses the placental barrier, its concentration in fetal blood reaches 80-100% of the content in the blood of the mother. The fruit is absolutely no protection from the destructive actions of alcohol, because it has not developed enzyme systems which cleave alcohol, as well as other mechanisms of protection. In particular, due to the immaturity of the kidneys and other organs of the excretory system fetal alcohol for a long time is not eliminated from the body of the fruit, which reinforces its toxic effect.

Particularly sensitive to alcohol during the formation of the germ rudiment organs (brain, heart, circulatory system, etc.), in the first weeks of pregnancy (from second to eights - ninth week). It was during this period of ontogeny (the set of transformations, is undergoing an organism from birth until death), inhibited the formation of embryos or distorted bodies and their initial development, causing developmental malformations of various organs or multiple abnormalities that are compatible or incompatible with the life of the fetus and newborn.

When gross malformations of the fetus may die in the early stages of its development than is due to the high frequency of miscarriage and stillbirths in women with chronic alcoholism. There are observations that the anomalies of fetal development can occur even when episodic (the unit) get drunk woman in early pregnancy.

In 1973, K. Jones and D. Smith drew attention to the specificity of developmental abnormalities in children whose mothers abused alcohol, designating them as "fetal alcohol syndrome" (FAS). In next years this syndrome also called alcohol embriopatiey, embriofetopatiey and fetal alcoholism.

FAS is the sum of pathological symptoms caused by multiple abnormalities, as well as violations of physical and mental development of the newborn.

For the FAS is characterized by:

• delay pre-and postnatal growth of the fetus and newborn;
• front dismorfogenez: microcephaly, and short eye slits, a doubling of the skin folds of the internal angle of the eyes, maxillary hypoplasia, cleft lip, very small size of the jaw, lengthening a person distinctive bulge of the upper lip with a narrow red border ("fish mouth"), a broad short nose, deeply located ears, narrow forehead, flattened occiput;
• anomalies of the central nervous system, including impaired cognitive development Addition, there is heart disease, fusion of vertebral bodies, hypoplasia (underdevelopment), head radius, the anomalies of the chest, etc., joint anomalies (subluxations), folded hands;

Each 2 - 3rd sick child identified genital-anal violation, sometimes doubling the ureters, cavernous angioma, congenital heart disease, fibrosis of the liver, diaphragm defects, cleft palate, hydronephrosis.

These children often develop mental illness (epilepsy, schizophrenia, mental retardation, speech disorders, etc.), they are aggressive, ill-adapted to the social environment, are difficult to nurture. It is assumed that various disturbances in physical development and behavior of children with FAS caused dysfunction of the brain, which in turn is caused by abnormalities in the structure of the brain.

It should be noted that sometimes the chronically drinking women give birth to babies without the express FAS, but in these infants are the following pathological signs: asphyxia at birth, decline and slow adaptation processes in the early neonatal period, irritability, tremor of limbs, hyperreflexia, difficulty breathing and sucking motions, bad soybeans, etc.

Given the urgency of the problem as women (especially during pregnancy) should consider and take action to avoid adverse effects on unborn child alcohol, even in small quantities.

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